This site introduces unknown Emanuel Bach (C. P. E. Bach).

Giovanni Battista Sammartini

Giovanni Battista Sammartini developed the three-movement symphony form by transforming the opera overture, originally in a fast-slow-fast structure created by Alessandro Scarlatti, into an independent symphonic form using sonata form. Johann Stamitz of the Mannheim School later added a minuet as the third movement, establishing the four-movement structure, which was further developed by composers such as Haydn and Mozart. However, Emanuel Bach continued to write symphonies in a three-movement form throughout his life.

Although Sammartiniʼs influence on Emanuel Bach seems limited, Emanuelʼs younger brother Christian studied under Sammartini and Martini in Italy, becoming the only opera composer in the Bach family. Christian also composed several symphonies in the three-movement form.

Giovanni Battista Sammartini was the younger brother of Giuseppe Baldassare Sammartini, sharing the same initials, G. B. S.

Giovanni Battista Sammartini (c. 1700–1775) was an Italian composer and a significant figure in music history, known for developing the symphony form. Positioned between the Baroque and Classical periods, his music features concise and clear structures that greatly influenced the next generation of composers.

Born in Milan, Sammartini spent most of his life there. He was active as a church musician, composing numerous sacred works while also creating innovative instrumental music. Considered one of the founders of the symphony, his works were widely performed in mid-18th-century Italy.

Approximately 70 of Sammartiniʼs symphonies survive, primarily structured in a three-movement form (fast-slow-fast). These works contributed to the development of the Classical sonata form and influenced young composers like Mozart and Haydn. His music is characterized by light and bright melodies, typical of the galant style.

In addition to symphonies, Sammartini composed chamber music and concertos, including string quartets and sonatas, contributing to the development of 18th-century European musical culture. He also composed many masses and motets, solidifying his position as a church musician.

As a performer and educator, Sammartini trained musicians who later impacted the Italian music scene. His music, combining simplicity and lyricism, holds an important place as a precursor to Classical music.

Giovanni Battista Sammartini was highly regarded not only in Italy but across Europe, leaving a lasting legacy as a pioneer in symphonic development. His works continue to be studied and performed today, reaffirming their historical significance.

Site search by Google

Parents< Children>