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Early Classical Period
This site introduces unknown Emanuel Bach (C. P. E. Bach).
Early Classical Period
ChatGPT4o writes as follows (please note that it may not be accurate):
The Early Classical Period refers to the transitional era in music history between the Baroque period and Classical music, spanning roughly from the 1720s to the 1770s. This period is characterized by styles such as the *Empfindsamer Stil* (Sensitive Style) and the *Galant Stil* (Rococo Style), gradually evolving into the balanced forms and harmonies typical of Classical music.
Main Characteristics
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*Empfindsamer Stil* (Sensitive Style)
- A style that pursued delicate and emotionally rich expression, with Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach as a representative composer.
- Features sudden modulations, the use of dissonance, and free rhythms.
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*Galant Stil* (Rococo Style)
- Characterized by light and decorative music, developed mainly in the French court.
- Simpler textures with clear melodies and minimal counterpoint.
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Development of Sonata Form
- The foundation of sonata form was established during this period.
- Johann Christian Bach and Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach played particularly significant roles.
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Development of Chamber Music and Symphony
- Chamber music forms, such as the string quartet, were being established.
- Early symphonies flourished, with the Mannheim School, led by Johann Stamitz, playing a key role.
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Transition from Harpsichord to Pianoforte
- The dominant keyboard instrument shifted from the harpsichord to the pianoforte, expanding possibilities for dynamic expression.
Notable Composers
- Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach (a central figure of the *Empfindsamer Stil*)
- Johann Christian Bach (active in London, bridging the gap to the Classical era)
- Johann Stamitz (leader of the Mannheim School)
- Franz Joseph Haydn (began his career during this period and laid the foundation for the later Classical style)
- Domenico Scarlatti (pioneered new styles in keyboard music)
Music of the Early Classical Period illustrates the transition from the complex, contrapuntal style of the Baroque to lighter, more balanced melodies and harmonies. This evolution laid the foundation for the Classical era, where composers like Mozart and Beethoven would later thrive.