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Sammartiniʼs Sonata Form

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Giovanni Battista Sammartini was an important composer who contributed to the development of sonata form. However, some of his works do not fully align with the typical Classical sonata form. This is because the sonata form was still in the process of being established. Below are some of Sammartiniʼs works that are considered to exhibit characteristics of the sonata form.

Giovanni_Battista_Sammartini.jpg

Representative Works Containing Sonata Form

1. Symphony in F Major, J-C 32
This is one of Sammartiniʼs most famous symphonies, showcasing early characteristics of sonata form. In particular, the first movement presents two themes and includes concise yet developmental elements.

2. Symphony in D Major, J-C 23
In this symphony, the first movement demonstrates key modulation and a recapitulation, suggesting a prototype of the sonata form.

3. Cello Sonata in G Minor
This chamber work features a clear presentation of themes and contrasting keys, incorporating elements of the early sonata form.

4. Trio Sonata in D Major, Op. 2, No. 5
Although this trio sonata contains Baroque elements, the key modulations and thematic structure reflect the influence of sonata form.

5. Symphony in A Major, J-C 38
In the first movement of this symphony, key modulation and thematic repetition are evident, suggesting the framework of sonata form.

Characteristics of Sammartiniʼs Sonata Form

Sammartiniʼs works often exhibit structures corresponding to the "exposition," "development," and "recapitulation" sections of sonata form, though not as strictly as in later Classical works. Rather than emphasizing clear thematic contrast, he focused on melodic flow and key changes. His use of short movements and concise forms laid the foundation for the sonata form later developed by Haydn and Mozart. Sammartiniʼs music is essential for studying the history of sonata form, as it represents musical innovation during the transitional period from the Baroque to the Classical era and greatly influenced the development of the symphony.

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Created: 2024-12-07 00:00   Edited: 2025-01-16